国际清算银行：新冠肺炎养老金提取和普遍保障养老金对智利未来退休人员收入的影响（英文版）

Chile implemented large pension withdrawals during the Covid pandemic. Afterwards, Chile increased non-contributory beneÖts in a quasi-universal scheme. Simulating future pensions, I show that the average loss in contributory pension income is 27.9%, with losses of 23.9% and 31.4% for men and women, respectively. After accounting for public transfers, the average loss in total pension income is just 6.2%, with losses of 7.5% and 5.2% for men and women, respectively. Current retirees lost just