府研究所：2024年OBR如何评估政府政策对需求的影响？（英文版）

Government policies can have an impact on the level of economic output by affecting either demand*,1 or supply, or both. For example, a cut in National Insurance contributions may encourage workers to spend more, as they keep more of their pay; it may also encourage them to work more, since for every extra hour they work, they receive higher net pay; but it may also encourage them to work less, since they now need to work fewer hours to achieve the same net income. So it is important for the