世界银行：2025年全球性别扭曲指数（GGDI）报告（英文版）

The extent to which women participate in the labor market varies greatly across the globe. If such differences reflect distortions that women face in accessing good jobs, they can reduce economic activity through a misallocation of talent. This paper builds on Hsieh et al. (2019) to provide a methodology to quantify these productivity consequences. The index proposed, the “Global Gender Distortions Index (GGDI)”, measures the losses in aggregate productivity that gender-based misallocation im