世界银行：2024年巴拿马系统性国家诊断报告（英文版）

Panama has experienced remarkable economic growth and poverty reduction over the last three decades, but important challenges persist. Its GDP growth rate averaged 5.8 percent between 1990 and 2019, with per capita GDP rising from 17.0 percent to 47.6 percent of the level of the United States (Figure 1).12 Meanwhile the country’s headcount poverty rate fell from 50.2 to 12.1 percent in the same period, and the share of vulnerable households declined as the middle class expanded (Figure 2).2 H