英国国家经济和社会研究所：2024年生活水平报告（英文版）

• Both the Covid-19 and the inflation shock had a disproportionate effect on households in the bottom two income deciles. For the bottom income decile, living standards (eHRDI) remain about 20 per cent below pre-pandemic levels (figure 1). For income deciles 2-4, living standards are between 8-12 per cent below pre-pandemic levels. Changes in taxes and benefits have only had a marginal impact on household disposable incomes.