OIV：2023年葡萄和葡萄酒中镉的安全性评价报告（英文版）

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal representing an environmental contaminant from natural, industrial, and agricultural sources. Cadmium is an indirect genotoxic carcinogen, and its presence consequently poses a high risk to public health. Food chains are the main source of cadmium exposure for the non-smoking general population. According to the last JECFA assessment (2021) , the main sources of dietary cadmium exposure are cereals and cereal-based products (rice and wheat), vegetables (root, tub