国际教育成就评价协会（IEA）：2021年PIRLS的社会经济地位报告（英文版）

The relationship between students’ home resources and academic performance has long been of interest to researchers, policymakers, and educators. Access to home resources for learning has been shown to have a strong, positive relationship with reading achievement in many assessments, and for many cycles of PIRLS.1,2,3,4 PIRLS 2021 expanded upon these findings by including a new context scale, the Home Socioeconomic Status scale, created from items in the Home Questionnaire completed by the pa