麦肯锡：2025年从保护到促进：产业政策的新时代报告（英文版）

Expanding tariffs may be capturing the headlines, but industrial-policy measures are on the riseas well. Governments have longimplemented subsidies, incentives, and other interventions indomestic economies to support employment, critical manufacturing, and other national prioritiesHowever, as the establishment of the World Trade Organization and the expansion of global trademade free-market and free-trade policies the alobal norm, many countries put less emphasison supporting domestic industr