国际清洁交通委员会（ICCT）：2025年北极地区欧盟监管航运黑炭及二氧化碳排放研究报告（英文版）

The Arctic region is experiencing significant environmental stress due to rapid warming, with temperatures rising 3–4 times faster than the global average. As Arctic shipping activity increases, so do associated black carbon (BC) emissions. Black carbon has a 100-year global warming potential 900 times greater than that of carbon dioxide (CO2), and its effects are amplified in the Arctic region due to the albedo effect. These emissions contribute to further warming and environmental degradati