未来能源研究所：：2023工业深度脱碳：建模方法和数据挑战研究报告（英文版）

Industrial energy consumption represents almost 40 percent of current global total final consumption and is still dominated by fossil fuels. In this paper, we present key decarbonization options—namely fuel switching and electrification, carbon efficiency, material efficiency, carbon capture and storage, and circular economy practices—and analyze their potential for decarbonization in six main energy-intensive industrial sectors: steel, cement, chemicals, light manufacturing, aluminum, and pulp