国会研究服务部：通过第十四修正案和选择性合并将《权利法案》适用于各州报告（英文版）

The Bill of Rights, comprising the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, protects certain rights against infringement by the federal government. A recurring question throughout U.S. history is whether state or local governments are bound by the proscriptions found in the Bill of Rights. Certain provisions—such as the First Amendment—specifically mention “Congress.” Others, like the Second Amendment, contain no such explicit references. In the early 19th century, both Congress and the