世界气象组织（WMO）：2024年全球水资源状况报告（英文版）

Climatic conditions: The year 2024 was the hottest in the 175-year observational record, with the annual mean surface temperature reaching 1.55 °C (±0.13 °C) above the pre-industrial baseline (1850–1900). Early 2024 was dominated by pronounced El Niño conditions, which contributed to droughts in northern South America and southern Africa. The Amazon basin was hit by a severe drought: intensifying during April–June, it reached its peak in July–September, before easing partially in October–Dece