联合国开发计划署UNDP：2025年合作促进进步：开发署对内陆发展中国家的承诺报告（英文版）

Landlocked Developing Countries face unique challenges: limited sea access, geographic isolation, and elevated trade costs that are nearly double those of coastal nations. Their geography often makes them vulnerable to desertification, droughts, and ecosystem degradation. Yet these 32 countries — spanning Africa, Asia, Europe, and Latin America — hold immense potential as strategic regional connectors and solutions hubs