世界气象组织（WMO）：2023年全球水资源状况报告（英文版）

Large-scale processes and WMO State of the Global Climate 2023 (WMO No. 1347)): The year 2023 was marked by unprecedented heat, becoming the hottest year on record at 1.45 °C above pre-industrial levels. The transition from La Niña to El Niño conditions, as well as the positive phase of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) contributed to this extreme heat and diverse weather impacts ranging from heavy rains and floods to droughts. • River discharge: Compared to the historical period, 2023 was marked