国际劳工组织（ILO）：低收入和中等收入国家的技能和工作不匹配报告（英文版）

Mismatch between jobs and skills is considered one of the biggest concerns of our times. The concept of skills mismatch, however, is broad and includes many forms of mismatch, such as over- or underqualification, skill gaps, skill shortages, field of study mismatch and skill obsolescence. These various forms are very different in their causes and consequences, and require different policy approaches.