美国安全与新兴技术中心：2025年中国学界对大语言模型的批判性思考：通用人工智能（AGI）的多元路径探索研究报告（英文版）

Large language models have garnered interest worldwide owing to their remarkable ability to “generate” human-like responses to natural language queries—a threshold that at one time was considered “proof” of sentience—and perform other time-saving tasks. Indeed, LLMs are regarded by many as a, or the, pathway to general artificial intelligence (GAI)—that hypothesized state where computers reach (or even exceed) human skills at most or all tasks. The lure of achieving AI’s holy grail through LL