欧洲经济政策研究所：2019年如何恢复生产率增长报告（英文版）

Productivity is one of the most important indicators of competitiveness for enterprises, sectors and the economy as a whole. Productivity is so important because it measures efficiency in the use of inputs, such as labour, capital, energy and materials, in the production process. Indeed, productivity can be intuitively described as the ratio between the quantity of output produced (by a firm, a sector, or the whole economy) and the amount of inputs used. The most commonly used measure of (lab