世界气象组织：2024-2028年WMO全球年度至十年期气候更新报告（英文版）

Figure 1: Observed annual mean near-surface temperature (°C, top), pressure (hPa, middle) and precipitation (mm/day, bottom) anomalies relative to 1991-2020. The left column shows the year 2023, the right column refers to the average of the five-year period 2019-2023. Near-surface temperature is ERA5 2m temperature from ECMWF (Bell et al, 2021). Mean sea-level pressure is also from ERA5. Precipitation is from GPCP (Adler et al, 2003, updated). To highlight summer and winter differences, Figur