欧洲疾控中心：2025年由Corynebacterium diphtheriae ST574引起的欧洲经济区和欧盟的白喉报告（英文版）

Diphtheria is considered to be a rare bacterial disease in Europe. Vaccination has considerably reduced the number of cases worldwide since the 1950s, thanks to mass immunisation efforts with a safe and effective vaccine. Following an infection, people who have not been vaccinated against diphtheria may present with skin infections (cutaneous diphtheria), classical respiratory diphtheria and in rare cases, systemic diphtheria. In highly vaccinated populations, most infections are asymptomatic