OECD经合组织：2024年国际学生评估项目（PISA）中社会经济地位的测量报告（英文版）

With each survey cycle, the measurement of socio-economic status in PISA must strike a delicate balance between at-times conflicting goals: accuracy, coverage, cost-efficiency, trend continuity, relevance (keeping up with changes in society) and comparability across countries. Over the past decade, a number of changes were introduced in the instruments and scaling processes; new related questions were added; and experiments were conducted with alternative question formats. In light of t