国际科学理事会：2025年人类福祉测量方法研究报告：重新思考人类发展指数（英文版）

At a time of global polycrisis – marked by ecological breakdown, deepening inequalities, and profound technological and social transformations – our shared understanding of wellbeing and human development demands urgent reconsideration. For over three decades, the Human Development Index (HDI) has served as a vital signal in the discourse on development, a bold attempt to shift attention from income to people’s capabilities and choices. Yet today, we must ask: does this foundational mea