国际教育成就评价协会（IEA）：2025年知识和愿意在环境上采取行动报告（英文版）

The challenge of sustainability—defned by the United Nations Brundtland Commission (1987) as “meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”—is arguably the most critical issue of our time. Economist Kate Raworth (2017) offers the “doughnut” as a compelling metaphor for what it means for humanity to achieve sustainability. The Doughnut consists of two concentric rings: the inner ring represents a social foundation that en