国际教育成就评价协会（IEA） ：2023年南非亮点报告（英文版）

The Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) is an international comparative study of learner achievement in mathematics and science. This study has been implemented since 1995, conducted every four years, under the auspices of the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA). The primary purpose of TIMSS is to provide comparative information about educational achievement across countries for use in supporting effective decision-making aim