世界银行：2025年波兰长期护理服务的战略评估报告（英文版）

Poland has experienced a powerful demographic shift, driven predominantly by increased life expectancy, a sizable baby boomer generation nearing retirement, and persistently low birth rates. Poland is characterized by demographic and spatial disparities, where life expectancy differs significantly by gender and region, and age-informed income disparities are observed as older people face above-average poverty risks. In Poland, long-term care (LTC) is mostly provided informally – about 80 perc