印度国际经济关系研究理事会（ICRIER）：2025年蜂窝网络标准必要专利：对印度生态系统的研究报告（英文版）

This report addresses a critical gap in policy discussions on the standard-essential patent (SEP) licensing ecosystem by examining the perspectives of startups and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in India. Global policy debates on SEPs typically focus on balancing the interests of SEP holders and implementers, while overlooking the unique challenges faced by emerging firms in intellectual property creation, monetisation, participation in standardsetting processes, and navigating the