Onward Partners：2025年工业4.0基准白皮书：探查落后者的隐藏挑战和领先者的实施策略（英文版）

As digitalization has become the main topic for manufacturing companies in the last decade, those companies are witnessing a paradigm change that underlines the need for open and flexible Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) architectures. The wide spreading of sensors, ubiquitous connectivity, and data-driven decision-making are becoming the norm rather than the exception. Industry leaders recognize that addressing these trends requires a fundamental shift in how their digital infrastructure