ITIF：2025年降低通货膨胀法正在就美国的药物创新进行谈判报告（英文版）

 The IRA grants the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) the authority to set drug prices. These price controls reduce the incentives for biopharmaceutical innovation and thus reduce U.S. biopharmaceutical production.  The IRA distinguishes between two types of drugs: small molecules and large molecules. It allows small molecules to be sold at market price for 9 years before CMS begins price setting, compared with 13 years for large molecules.  Small-molecule drugs can cross