Rand兰德：2024年评估教育储蓄账户对学业成绩影响的路径报告（英文版）

As of 2024, 18 states have Education Savings Account (ESA) policies, up from four states in 2019. Fifteen of the 18 states collect academic achievement data of some sort on ESA students. ■ Twelve of the 18 states require ESA students to take a nationally norm-referenced test. Researchers could use these data to track growth in ESA students’ achievement over time and compare ESA students with same-grade non-ESA students nationwide in some cases, if states build systems to compile the data and