联合国贸发会议：2025年电池化学体系的演变及其对关键矿产供应链的影响研究报告（英文版）

The core function of a battery lies in its chemistry — a combination of chemicals that facilitates reactions within the cells, transforming electrical energy into chemical energy during charging and reversing the process during discharge. The chemical composition within the cells dictates the power level and energy storage capacity of batteries, directly influencing their performance and ability to store excess energy during periods of low demand and discharge it when demand peaks, ensuring a