英国制造商组织：2019年为贸易救济调查做准备：钢铁行业指南报告（英文版）

Anti-dumping (AD) is by far the most common trade remedy. it is regularly used by all majoreconomies, including countries traditionally seen as export oriented such as Japan, Korea and China.Dumping is defined as the situation where the export price is below the domestic price (the later mustfully cover cost of production (COP) so a price below COP is always dumped). in order to adoptmeasures, the dumped imports must cause material injury to domestic industry.

Countervailing duty (CVD/a