FAO联合国粮农组织：2025年关于食品添加剂，肠道微生物组和宿主之间相互作用的研究状态报告（英文版）

The gut microbiome refers to the microbial community composed of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and archaea that live in the gastrointestinal tract of animals. These microorganisms interact with the host in physiological activities, including digestion and immune response. The gut microbiome is highly dynamic and responsive to physico-chemical factors, such as pH, oxygen pressure, and diet composition. These factors can influence the stability of the microbial community (i.e. diversity, compositio