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Artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics are revolutionising production, yet their potential to stimulate innovation and change innovation patterns remains underexplored. This paper examines whether AI and robotics can spearhead technological inn...
This paper provides public comment on two National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) draft publications on technical approaches for promoting transparency in digital content and developing global artificial intelligence (AI) standards. ...
Over the past decade, the percentage of adults in the United States who use some form of
social media has roughly doubled, increasing from 36 percent in early 2009 to 72 percent in
2019. There has been a corresponding increase in rese...
Experts have for decades predicted an imminent U.S.-China war. In 2005, international relations theorist John Mearsheimer predicted a rising China would fight the United States.3 Throughout the 2010s, many books and articles foretold a U.S.-China...
A panel of experts reached consensus on a range of quality indicators for hospitalbased care of opioid-exposed infants, with potential for use in national benchmarking, intervention studies, or hospital performance measurement.
智能网联车的无人驾驶分为感知、规划、执行三个部分,行为决策是无人驾驶发展的核心技术之一。在复杂的交通路口,车辆行驶路线难以预测,通过分析车辆在路口行为发生条件统计,设计出合理和安全的驾驶行为。文章以智能网联车为研究对象,使车辆行驶到十字路口的换道、转弯、调头等行为对应行驶场景,能够保证智能网联车安全、合理的在一定可控范围下行驶在复杂的十字路口。无人驾驶车辆在十字路口的通行中提高了行驶效率和减少了运营成本,带给人们更加便利和舒适的服务,推动智能网联车更全面的发展。
This paper reviews the main methods for small area estimation of welfare indicators. It begins by discussing the importance of small area estimation methods for producing reliable disaggregated estimates. It mentions the baseline papers and descri...
This study investigates the emission reduction effects of a mix of market-based climate policies in Australia, where a dramatic ramp-up of incentives for renewable electricity generation was paired with a short-lived carbon tax. A synthetic contro...
Households in developing economies have greater access to formal credit today than at any point in history, owing to the global expansion of microfinance and recent innovations in consumer finance, such as digital lending. Although this has improv...
Addressing energy poverty has emerged as one of the main challenges for Bulgaria’s poverty and social inclusion policy, particularly in the context of the European Green Deal and the current crisis in Ukraine. To tackle the adverse impacts of ener...
Using a randomized control trial, this paper studies an at-scale preschool construction program that serves poor communities in rural Mozambique. In addition to the construction of preschools, the program hired local instructors and provided paren...
This paper presents a unified analytical framework to organize and review the literature on consumption-based poverty measurement, with a focus on establishing absolute poverty lines. Based on this framework, the paper identifies several gaps in t...
Using two decades of granular data on foreign direct investments, this study shows a consistent global rise in the concentration of cross-border investments within fewer multinational firms. This concentration is most prominent in developing econo...
Lebanon’s healthcare system faces some daunting challenges. The country’s ongoing socioeconomic and political crisis has led to reduced government health spending and the widespread loss of public and private health insurance coverage among the po...
Vulnerability to climate change and water scarcity is increasing globally. How this affects individual employment outcomes is still not well understood. Using survey data collected from approximately half a million individuals across Sub-Saharan A...
This paper proposes an operational approach to stress testing, allowing one to assess the banking sector’s vulnerability in multiple plausible macro-financial scenarios. The approach helps identify macro-financial risk factors of particular releva...
We use outages as natural experiments to study sovereign bond market functioning. When the euro area futures market goes down, trading activity on the cash market declines, liquidity evaporates, and transaction prices deviate from fundamental valu...
We analyse cycles in policy interest rates in 24 advanced economies over 1970- 2024, combining a new application of business cycle methodology with rich timeseries decompositions of the shocks driving rate movements. “Rate cycles” have gradually e...