加拿大国际治理创新中心CIGI：2025年企业价值与数据价值报告（英文版）

Data is widely acknowledged as the essential capital asset of the modern economy, yet its value remains largely invisible in corporate balance sheets and understated in national economic accounts. This paper argues that conventional valuation approaches — particularly those based on the costs of datafication — capture only part of the story. While expenditures on datafication enter GDP as investment in intangible assets, they do not reflect the substantial economic rents generated by the effe