华为：2025年电信站点锂电白皮书（英文版）

In the digital era, lithium-ion batteries (lithium batteries for short) have become a crucial force in energy transition considering the advantages of high energy density, 1 long lifecycles, and easy deployment of intelligent technologies. Lithium batteries are widely used, from small-sized electronic devices to large-scale energy storage systems (ESSs). However, as lithium batteries have been extensively used, so safety issues have arisen and accidents have occurred frequently, causing