美国联邦储备委员会：2024财经系列讨论：供应网络是否具有有效的弹性?报告

The shortages and spikes in prices of certain intermediate goods during the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated the fragility of supply chains. Prominent examples included a global shortage of semiconductors that led to a dramatic rise in the price of secondhand cars in the U.S. and an unprecedented demand for hand sanitizer and personal protective gear that triggered supply shortages in their respective, as well as interlinked, industries. Policymakers reacted strongly by taking industry-specific