电信管理论坛：2024年电信业的未来创新和研发分析报告（英文版）

TM Forum research shows that on average CSPs spend far less on R&D as a percentage of revenue than do their key suppliers, on which they increasingly rely for innovation. These vendors, in turn, spend a slightly smaller percentage of their revenue on R&D on average than do the leaders in the hyperscale community. Where, on average, Amazon, Google and Microsoft spent for R&D at a rate equal to 19.4% of their revenue in 2023, the average among 10 major CSPs that operate throughout A