国际货币基金组织：2024能源安全与绿色转型报告（英文版）

The ongoing energy crisis amid Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has exposed the longstanding vulnerabilities from fossil-fuel reliance and rekindled national energy security concerns. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA, 2023), energy security is the uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price. Despite the importance of other dimensions of energy security, especially affordability amid growing concerns about energy poverty, the focus in this paper is on th